Overhead Maneuver (해석 중)

2008년 10월 6일 타워 관제 네이버 블로그

계기 혹은 시계비행 항공기가 착륙 공항에 접근하여 시계 교통 장주에 진입하기 위해 이용하는 절차입니다.

overhead maneuver는 원형 접근이라고 하며, 착륙 활주로 끝 3~5NM 정도에서 첫 접근을 보고하고서

[협조된 혹은 지정한] 특정 지점에서 Break [180˚ roll out하며 장주 고도로 강하]하여 Downwind에 진입한 후 착륙 활주로에 접근합니다.

Extend Downwind(Downwind 연장)이나 360˚ turn에 의한 Downwind 재진입이 불가능하여

Break 지점을 조정하여 착륙 순서를 배정하고 그것이 여의치 않을 때에는 다시 Initial에 접근하는 절차를 수행합니다.

 

2/14/08 FAA Order JO 7110.65S Air Traffic Control

3-10-12. OVERHEAD MANEUVER (원형 접근)

 

Issue the following to arriving aircraft that will conduct an overhead maneuver:

(원형 접근을 진행할 도착 항공기에게 다음 사항을 발부하라.)

a. Pattern altitude and direction of traffic.

Omit either or both if standard or when you know the pilot is familiar with a nonstandard procedure.

(a. 장주 고도와 교통 방향.

 표준절차이거나 관제사가 조종사가 비표준 절차에 익숙하다는 것을 알고 있다면 둘 중 하나 혹은 모두 생략해도 된다.)
 - PHRASEOLOGY

      PATTERN ALTITUDE (altitude). RIGHT TURNS.

 

b. Request for report on initial approach.

(b. 첫 접근 지점에서 보고하도록 요구한다.)

 - PHRASEOLOGY

      REPORT INITIAL.

      Make Re-Initial.

c. “Break” information and request for pilot report. Specify the point of “break” only if nonstandard.

Request the pilot to report “break” if required for traffic or other reasons.

(c. "Break" [지점에 대한] 정보와 조종사 보고를 요구한다. 비표준[장주] 일 시에만 "break" 지점을 명시한다.

교통상황이나 다른 이유로 필요하다면 조종사에게 "break"을 보고하도록 요구한다.)
 - PHRASEOLOGY

      BREAK AT (specified point).
      REPORT BREAK.

      Break at approach end of runway.

      Break at midfield.

      Break at departure end of runway.

      Break at south 2 mile pass the end of runway.

      Break at nouth 3 mile pass the end of runway.

d. Overhead maneuver patterns are developed at airports where aircraft have an operational need to conduct the maneuver.

An aircraft conducting an overhead maneuver is on VFR and the IFR flight plan is cancelled when the aircraft reaches the “initial
point” on the initial approach portion of the maneuver. The existence of a standard overhead maneuver pattern does not eliminate the possible requirement for an aircraft to conform to conventional rectangular patterns if an overhead maneuver cannot be approved.

(d.  원형 접근 장주는 항공기가 운영상의 필요로 기동을 해야할 공항에 수립된다.

원형 접근을 진행하는 항공기는 VFR이며, IFR비행 계획은 항공기가 기동의 첫 접근 부분에서 "첫 접근 지점"에 도착했을 때 취소된다.

표준 상공 기동 패턴의 existence는 // 상공 기동이 허가되지 않을 때 converntional 장방형 패턴)
NOTE

Aircraft operating to an airport without a functioning control tower must initiate cancellation of the IFR flight plan prior to executing the overhead maneuver or after landing.

 

FIG 3-10-13   :   Overhead Maneuver

EXAMPLE -
“Air Force Three Six Eight, Runway Six, wind zero seven zero at eight, pattern altitude six thousand, report initial.”
“Air Force Three Six Eight, break at midfield, report break.”
“Air Force Three Six Eight, cleared to land.”
“Alfa Kilo Two Two, Runway Three One, wind three three zero at one four, right turns, report initial.”
“Alfa Kilo Two Two, report break.”

“Alfa Kilo Two Two, cleared to land.”

 

e. Timely and positive controller action is required to prevent a conflict when an overhead pattern could extend into the path of a departing or a missed approach aircraft. Local procedures and/or coordination requirements should be set forth in an appropriate letter of agreement, facility directive, base flying manual etc., when the frequency of occurrence warrants.

(e. ...

국지적인 절차들이나 협조문들이 적절한 합의서나 시설 내규, 기지 비행 절차 등의 형식으로 공포되어야한다.)

 

OVERHEAD MANEUVER-

A series of predetermined maneuvers prescribed for aircraft (often in formation) for entry into the visual flight rules (VFR)
traffic pattern and to proceed to a landing. An overhead maneuver is not an instrument flight rules (IFR) approach procedure. An aircraft executing an overhead maneuver is considered VFR and the IFR flight plan is cancelled when the aircraft reaches the
“initial point” on the initial approach portion of the maneuver.

The pattern usually specifies the following:
a. The radio contact required of the pilot.
b. The speed to be maintained.
c. An initial approach 3 to 5 miles in length.
d. An elliptical pattern consisting of two 180 degree turns.
e. A break point at which the first 180 degree turn is started.
f. The direction of turns.

g. Altitude (at least 500 feet above the conventional pattern).
h. A “Roll‐out” on final approach not less than 1/4 mile from the landing threshold and not less than 300 feet above the ground.